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Jan Rabaey chose for
the cover the third panel of the triptych "Wet Orange"
by
Abstract Expressionist JOAN MITCHELL(1926-1992).
See
entire painting here
Throughout her life, Joan Mitchell, daughter of poet, alluded to
poetry as the art form most nearly like her own. Lyricism is what she
admired, whether in the poetry of the nineteenth-century Romantics or the
painting of Jackson Pollock. Her work consistently addressed the evocation
of feelings. The specific subject that called up that feeling was most
often landscape. Or, perhaps a better term would be "inscape,"
an invention of the nineteenth-century English poet, Gerard Manley
Hopkins, who meant by it melody, as in music, and design and pattern, as
in painting. The clear implication of abstraction in Hopkins's view is
echoed by Mitchell in a statement made around the time Untitled was
painted: "I paint from remembered landscapes that I carry with me-and
remembered feelings of them, which of course become transformed."
From her early adolescence, Mitchell had plunged herself into a close
study of the painters who moved her, building a painting culture that was
fully amplified when, from 1944 to 1947, she studied at the Art Institute
of Chicago. She was particularly affected by the intensity of Vincent van
Gogh's landscapes and the great synthesizing of Paul Cezanne. In 1947,
Mitchell spent some months in New York, where she was able to see the work
of artists who were coming to the fore as adventurers in a new idiom that
came to be called Abstract Expressionism. It was Arshile Gorky who most
deeply influenced her, particularly his late works, in which he had
thinned his paints, made effective use of the light of the bare canvas,
and alluded to the natural forms he found in the fields and woods of
Virginia. Shortly thereafter, Mitchell entered fully into the life of the
vanguard New York painters, visiting the studios of Franz Kline, Willem de
Kooning and Philip Guston, and becoming friendly with artists of her own
generation who were clustered around Hans Hofmann.
With a quick visual intelligence, Mitchell absorbed the spirit of
abstraction and the freely imaginative ways of composing typical of
painting in New York during the 1950s, without ever losing her own
distinct intention of transforming her memories of landscapes. If Gorky's
long, elegantly curving lines, or de Kooning's emphatic accents on the
rectilinear plane, or Pollock's arabesques were adapted to her needs, they
never muffled Mitchell's own lyrical voice that spoke of water, sighing
trees, skies, and light.
By the mid- 1950s, Mitchell's command of her means was evident. The light
of the canvas, often left bare, was figured with coursing strokes that
sometimes clustered, sometimes darted apart, creating an animated surface
on which hints of foliage, trees, skies, and water were dispersed. Often,
as in Untitled, Mitchell would shift from ambiguous spaces built with
flurries of small strokes to boldly assertive spaces, measured off with
emphatic bars-in this case, the black and red rectangular structures-fully
articulating the illusion of recession. All the years of study, the keen
appreciation of Cezanne, and her immersion in the work of forceful
contemporaries had led her to a way that would articulate the strong
lyrical feelings she harbored before nature. For the rest of her life,
Mitchell would return to the authentic memories of places, such as her
childhood home on Lake Michigan, in order to retrieve the peculiar
heightening of feeling that characterizes the lyrical temperament.
DORE ASHTON
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